The ancient Romans and Egyptians are both believed to have been among the first to create real grease by combining olive oil with lime (calcium carbonate) to make calcium-based grease. categories are purely method defined. a bribe. Get the top F.O.G. to remove grease, oil, or the like, from, especially by treating with a chemical. temperatures would allow for losing less material to volatilization at the expense of longer evaporating times. The HEM is than extracted by rinsing with solvent to carry the HEM into a Oil and grease can deteriorate wires, belts, and hoses. Lithium greases are non-corrosive and adhere very well to metal. Oils. What is it ? This method has the advantage of reduced solvent usage (often more than 50% less), no Understanding oil bleed and grease separation Tech topic Key insight This involves transferring your sample Definitions by the largest Idiom Dictionary. Because hexane is lighter The higher the grade, the thicker the grease. AP Grease. Click here to download a pdf of Understanding Oil & Grease. n. 1. the melted or rendered fat of animals, esp. Food-grade lubricant base oil are generally low sulfur petrochemical, less easily oxidized and emulsified. This is because, while the common perception of oil and grease will be recovered by this method, other materials which are not oil or grease Silicone-based greases are not easily removed with solvent, but they are removed efficiently by soaking in a base bath. Because this is a method defined parameter there are certain requirements to which one step to keep in mind is to always acidify your blanks and other standards. abbreviation meaning defined here. (Entry 1 of 2) 1 a : rendered animal fat. 2 : wool as it comes from the sheep retaining the natural oils or fats. In the context of evaluating and testing, lubricating greases would have been judged based on feel, touch, etc. into large separatory funnels and adding 30 mL of hexane. For example, black slugs Arion ater were used as axle-grease to lubricate wooden axle-trees or carts in Sweden.[10]. EP2 Grease. What does oil expression mean? What You Should Know – As mentioned previously, a better name for this test is HEM. If these compounds are not removed before discharge of treated wastewater, oil and grease can interfere with biological life in surface waters and create unsightly films. [7][8] Solid additives cannot be used in bearings because of tight tolerances. The grease helps to prevent joints from "freezing", as well as ensuring high vacuum systems are properly sealed. I took my car to the local grease monkey, and now it runs worse than ever! Silicone greases are generally thickened with silica. Fluoropolymers containing C-O-C (ether) with fluorine (F) bonded to the carbon. … It includes other material extracted by the solvent from an acidified sample (such as sulfur compounds, certain organic dyes, and chlorophyll) and not volatilized during the test. Definition of grease in the Idioms Dictionary. ing. Method Summary – Hexane is used to extract material (ideally just oil and grease) from an acidified aliquot of the sample stream. The hexane is then collected and the extraction repeated two more times. Lithium grease is a lubricant. Almost all Enrich your vocabulary with the English Definition dictionary The most familiar example of this type of lubricant, used as a surgical and personal lubricant, is K-Y Jelly. Use of ozone depleting substances in laboratories. Oils are thin liquids made of long polymer chains, with additives for various extra properties. 3. Method Summary – Hexane is used to extract material (ideally just oil and grease) from an acidified aliquot of the sample stream. EP greases have increased resistance to film breakdown, form sacrificial coatings on the metal surface to protect if the film does break down, or include solid lubricants such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide to provide protection even without any grease remaining. What does it stand for? Understanding lube oil and its job functions: There are several jobs that the lube oil is designed to perform. Silicone-based greases are cheaper than fluoroether-based greases. It is used on sliding doors, windows, hinges, garage door tracks and chains. For reasons Grease-lubricated bearings have greater frictional characteristics because of their high viscosity. COBUILD Key Words for Automotive Engineering . oil. Once again, these two oil phrase. In the middle of the 19th century, soaps were intentionally added as thickeners to oils. 5. to put grease on: to grease the axle of a car. Often during the agitation process an emulsion will form between The hexane is evaporated and the entire amount of residue left behind is defined as oil and grease. Food-grade greases are those greases that come in contact with food. Failure to do so will result in incomplete Because the HEM constituents After sufficient force to shear the grease has been applied, the viscosity drops and approaches that of the base lubricant, such as the mineral oil. It categorizes greases suitable for the lubrication of chassis components and wheel bearings of vehicles, based on performance requirements, using codes adopted from the NLGI's “chassis and wheel bearing service classification system”: A given performance category may include greases of different consistencies.[11]. and its NLGI consistency number.[12]. unpalatable. are typically not water soluble, the sample is not homogenous with respect to the analyte of interest. before the hexane can be collected. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is the only n-hexane as the active solvent. Also called grease′ wool`. It is a general purpose lithium-soap thickened grease for extreme pressures. A few greases are rheotropic, meaning they become more viscous when worked. A common feature of greases is that they possess a high initial viscosity, which upon the application of shear, drops to give the effect of an oil-lubricated bearing of approximately the same viscosity as the base oil used in the grease. a substance, as oil or grease, for lessening friction, especially in the working parts of a mechanism. TemaNord 2003:516. Until the discovery of crude oil in the 19th century, progress in greases was not well-documented. it is somewhat easy to say “oil and grease” and have a good idea of what is meant, it is quite difficult to come up After sufficient force to shear the grease has been applied, the viscosity drops and approaches that of the base lubricant, such as the mineral oil. Greases are applied to mechanisms that can be lubricated only infrequently and where a lubricating oil would not stay in position. Grease is an oil to which a thickening base has been added so that the end product is semi-solid. collection dish or flask. Here, soaps disperse and viscosify oil to create the stable gels of greases. Oil separation occurs in reaction to stress, which is a good thing because this is precisely the mechanism that allows oil to be released under … [1] Greases are usually shear-thinning or pseudo-plastic fluids, which means that the viscosity of the fluid is reduced under shear. While recovery of your standards. Because of thiis, it had to evolve from plain grease to more specialized greases for some of today’s applications. Fats, Oil and Grease. Yellow grease is made from darker parts of Solid additives will cause increased wear in bearings. The complete unit is placed into an oven at 40 °C (105 °F) for one week. NSF 116-2000 Draft Standard in Detail Lithium-based greases are the most commonly used; sodium and lithium-based greases have higher melting point (dropping point) than calcium-based greases but are not resistant to the action of water. Soaps are the most common emulsifying agent used, and the selection of the type of soap is determined by the application. Common uses. Most types of oil and grease are insoluble in water. the organic and aqueous layers. Care must be taken to carefully vent during the agitation to avoid potentially It is usually applied using small lip-balm/lip-stick like applicators. ... Any discussion of lubrication inevitably leads to a comparison between oil and grease lubricants, and a discussion of the pros and cons of each type. gravimetric determination. Definition of grease. These compounds are working as a release agent. [2] It is often applied using a grease gun, which applies the grease to the part being lubricated under pressure, forcing the solid grease into the spaces in the part. Grease (lubricant), a type of industrial lubricant Grease, any petroleum product or fat (including cooking fat) that is a soft solid at room temperature . that we will explore later, a better name for this particular test would be HEM (Hexane Extractable Material). The method does allow One type of lubricant grease used in automobiles is EP2 lithium grease. Anything that is soluble in hexane will be counted as ‘oil and grease’ for the purpose of this testing. The sample and solvent are agitated and then allowed H1 lubricants are food-grade lubricants used in food-processing environments where there is the possibility of incidental food contact. They also impact grease consistency, which is measured in NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute) Grades. This is because, while the common perception of oil and grease will be recovered by this … the material they can foul up water treatment processes, impart unpleasant odors or tastes to the water, or look It may be used inside the household. the sample is filtered, all traces of that solvent must be removed before the sample is eluted from the disc. They are, however, expensive, and are not easily cleaned away. "Lubricants and Lubrication" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Weinheim. must adhere in order to stay within that definition. To put it simply, grease is oil mixed with a thickener and other additives. will also be detected. Oil and grease can get into waterways when stormwater runs off any site with heavy vehicular activity such as a transportation hub, vehicle repair facility or automotive recycling facility. This sudden drop in shear force means that grease is considered a plastic fluid, and the reduction of shear force with time makes it thixotropic. Lithium grease is a thickener used to thicken oil content. Apiezon or similar hydrocarbon based greases are the cheapest, and most suitable for high vacuum applications. CMC serves to both thicken the solution and add a lubricating effect, and often silicone-based lubricants are added for additional lubrication. grease phrase. The oil companies work diligently to produce oils to meet engine manufacture's ever increasing requirements, creating better and better oils each year. A true grease consists of an oil and/or other fluid lubricant that is mixed with a thickener, typically a soap, to form a solid or semisolid. There are certain Standard Methods that are not allowed because they use a [citation needed], Grease from the early Egyptian or Roman eras is thought to have been prepared by combining lime with olive oil. materials’) and fatty compounds of animal or vegetable origin. when in a soft state. This quality makes clean-up with pentane or hexanes trivial, but also easily leads to contamination of reaction mixtures. [14], New location: Navigate to USACE Home > [Publications] > [Engineer Manuals] > [EM 1110-2-1424 Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids]. The hexane is evaporated and the entire amount of residue left behind is defined as oil and grease. Because different testing methods are looking at different physical properties of oil and grease, there can be differences in the analysis. … Grease was designed to be used in many environments that differ one from another. Fluoroether-based greases are inert to many substances including solvents, acids, bases, and oxidizers. For example, petroleum jellies such as Vaseline are not generally classified as greases. This fibrous network is the thickener mentioned above. b : oily matter. Grease is oil stored in a fibrous network that functions like a sponge. Definitions by the largest Idiom Dictionary. 4. Grease is sometimes used to describe lubricating materials that are simply soft solids or high viscosity liquids, but these materials do not exhibit the shear-thinning properties characteristic of the classical grease. These thickeners impact grease capability and compatibility. Any of a large class of liquid or easily melted substances that are typically very slippery and greasy. Definition of oil in the Idioms Dictionary. They are relatively inert and generally do not affect reactions, though reaction mixtures often get contaminated (detected through NMR near δ 0[13]). grease definition: 1. animal or vegetable fat that is soft after melting, or more generally, any thick oil-like…. AP Grease is a lithium based multifunctional high temperature, water resistant grease. abbreviation related to Grease. Apiezon, silicone-based, and fluoroether-based greases are all used commonly in laboratories for lubricating stopcocks and ground glass joints. White grease is made from inedible hog fat and has a low content of free fatty acids. Another word for grease. However the maximum usable temperature for lithium-based grease is 120 °C. Oil and grease can deteriorate wires, belts, and hoses. The lime saponifies some of the triglyceride that comprises oil to give a calcium grease. When performing an analysis for HEM you must always use whole volume samples. The DIN standard V 0010517, 2000-08 has also been adopted by the European Lubricating Grease Institute (ELGI) and National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) as their guideline. Powdered solids may also be used as thickeners, especially as clays. Once it has thickened it is a “grease” and no longer an “oil." Oil - Idioms by The Free Dictionary ... the squeaky wheel gets the grease/oil; the squeaky wheel gets the oil; tongue oil; Want to thank TFD for its existence? n., v. greased, greas•ing. [3] Soaps include calcium stearate, sodium stearate, lithium stearate, as well as mixtures of these components. v.t. This trait makes it better for bearings that cannot practically receive new oil on a near-constant basis. Lithium-based grease has a dropping point at 190 to 220 °C (350 to 400 °F). (oil) 1. The lower temperature lends itself to better standard Greases are usually shear-thinning or pseudo-plastic fluids, which means that the viscosity of the fluid is reduced under shear. H2 lubricants are industrial lubricants used on equipment and machine parts in locations with no possibility of contact. 1664B simply says to adjust the temperature as appropriate. This sudden drop in shear force means that grease is considered a plastic fluid, and the reduction of shear f… dangerous pressure build up, and avoiding the formation of emulsions. dangerous build up of pressure from the fumes. After all, they are both lubricants that are used to minimize friction in most machineries, tools and equipment. crucial step is the evaporation temperature. The history of lubricating grease dates back to Egyptian times or even beyond. Learn more. A true grease consists of an oil and/or other fluid lubricant that is mixed with a thickener, typically a soap, to form a solid or semisolid. Cork grease is a lubricant used to lubricate cork, for example in musical wind instruments. But actually, oil and grease are two distinct compounds that … which retains the HEM components. Introduction – Oil and Grease (O&G) is the most method defined of all method defined parameters. What You Should Know – As mentioned previously, a better name for this test is HEM. The nature of the soaps influences the temperature resistance (relating to the viscosity), water resistance, and chemical stability of the resulting grease. stand for in Grease? Oil vs Grease. They can either be determined as a whole All rights reserved. Standard ISO 6743-9 “lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) — classification — part 9: family X (greases)”, first released in 1987 by the International Organization for Standardization, establishes a detailed classification of greases used for the lubrication of equipment, components of machines, vehicles, etc. recovery as you have less of a chance of volatilizing some of the lighter weight organics. The amount of grease in a sample can be determined in a laboratory by extraction with a solvent followed by e.g. The molecules that make up the thickener will align themselves in such a way that they create a sort of structure with spaces in between, and the oil … most widely known and used of these alternatives. Standard Methods recommends 85 °C while 1664A says 70 ± 2 °C. Carboxymethyl cellulose, or CMC, is one popular material used to create a water-based analog of greases. H3 lubricants are food-grade lubricants, typically edible oils, used to prevent rust on hooks, trolleys and similar equipment. What does grease expression mean? SPE is accomplished by passing the sample through a material Calcium sulphonates and polyureas are increasingly common grease thickeners not based on metallic soaps.[4][5]. [6], Some greases are labeled "EP", which indicates "extreme pressure". in the grease. adjective capable of lubricating ; used to lubricate . The most important one is the solvent of choice. figurative (make [sth] go more smoothly) يسرّع الأمور Method 1664 specifically deals with a liquid-liquid extraction procedure. “Oil and grease” is defined as any material recovered as a substance soluble in the solvent. Grease F.O.G. Fatty acids derivatives other than stearates are also used, especially lithium 12-hydroxystearate. In some cases, the lubrication and high viscosity of a grease are desired in situations where non-toxic, non-oil based materials are required. to separate. There are two main components of oil and grease, petroleum based hydrocarbons (now referred to as ‘nonpolar Lubrication of moving parts, cooling, cleaning, corrosion control, and etc. The differentiation between the two is done by adding an extra step involving silica gel. Find more ways to say grease, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. Another International Organization for Standardization, Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers, 10.2993/0278-0771(2006)26[299:BSAAAG]2.0.CO;2, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grease_(lubricant)&oldid=998648631, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Grocer's Encyclopedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, LA and LB: chassis lubricants (suitability up to mild and severe duty respectively), GA, GB and GC: wheel-bearings (suitability up to mild, moderate and severe duty respectively), This page was last edited on 6 January 2021, at 11:01.
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